What is your initial diagnosis and Which symptoms are consistent with your diagnosis and Explain how these symptoms arise: Human Physiology Case Study, MMU, Malaysia

CASE STUDY 1

A 55-year-old woman reports intense thirst and recurrent vaginal thrush infections. On further questioning, she describes frequent trips to the toilet and blurring of her vision.

A physical examination reveal a height of 5’3” (1.60m), weight of 12 stone 9lbs (80kg), and blood pressure of 160/100mmHg (normal <140/90). A simple “pin-prick” blood test reveals a random blood glucose of 17mmol/ L (normal < 11.1 mmol/ L).

A provisional diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is made.

1. Comment on the presenting symptoms, and explain the physiological processes that lead to their presentation in this patient.
2. How would you interpret the physical examination and blood test?

(BMI = weight (kg)/height (m)² Ideal 18.5 – 25; overweight 25 – 30; obese 30 – 40

3. If left untreated, this patient is at increased risk of which of the following (circle all those that are appropriate):

nephropathy, hypoglycemia, retinopathy, myocardial infarction, stroke, neuropathy, diabetic ketoacidosis, muscle-wasting, hyperglycemia, cold intolerance, postural hypotension

Answer

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