Convincing Features
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i. There are EIGHT (8) pages in this Question Booklet including the cover page and appendix.
ii. DOUBLE-SIDED Question Booklet
iii. Engineering Data & Formulae Booklet will be provided.
1. In a pharmaceutical plant, a copper pipe, (kc = 400 W/m·K) with inner diameter of 20 mm and wall thickness of 2.5 mm is used for carrying liquid oxygen to a storage tank as shown in FIGURE Q1. The liquid oxygen flowing in the pipe has an average temperature of -200°C and a convection heat transfer coefficient of 120 W/m²·K. The condition surrounding the pipe has an ambient air temperature of 20°C and a combined heat transfer coefficient of 20 W/m²·K.
a. Construct the equivalent thermal resistant diagram of the conduit and label all the appropriate parameters. [5 marks]
b. If the dew point is 10°C, determine the thermal conductivity of the insulation around the copper pipe to avoid condensation on the outer surface of the insulation layer. [15 marks]
c. Determine all the interfacial temperature of the cross section. [5 marks]
2. A person is found dead at 5 pm on 5-Feb in a room with temperature of 20°C as shown in FIGURE Q2. The temperature of the body is measured to be 25°C when found. The heat transfer coefficient in the room is estimated to be 8 W/m²·°C. As the Police Inspector, estimate the time of death of that person. State all the assumptions you make. The normal body temperature of a healthy person is 37°C.
[25 marks]
3. The forming section of a plastics plant rolls out a continuous sheet of plastic that is 1.2 m wide and 2 mm thick at a rate of 15 m/min. The temperature of the plastic sheet is 90°C when it is exposed to the surrounding air, and the sheet is subjected to air flow at 30°C at a velocity of 3 m/s on both sides along its surfaces normal to the direction of motion of the sheet. Take the density of the plastic sheet as 1200 kg/m³ and heat capacity 1675 J/kg·K.
a. Determine the rate of heat loss from the plastic sheet. [15 marks]
b. Estimate the temperature of the plastic sheet at the end of the cooling. [5 marks]
c. Propose a workable solution if final temperature of plastic sheet at the end of the cooling is to be fixed at 85°C without reducing the plastic rolling speed.[5 marks]
4. A single pass shell-and-tube heat exchanger consisting of a bundle of 100 copper tubes (Di = 25 mm, Do = 29 mm) is used for heating 500 kg/min of water (Cp = 4.18 kJ/kg·K) from 30°C to 70°C with the help of steam condensing at 120°C (hfg = 2203 kJ/kg) on the shell side. The copper tube has a thermal conductivity of k = 250 W/m·K. The convective heat transfer coefficient on the tube and shell side is 700 W/m²·K and 1400 W/m²·K, respectively. The fouling factor on the tube and shell side are 0.0005 m²K/W and 0.0002 m²K/W per tube, respectively.
a. Explain the approach used to determine the rate of heat transfer of Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) method. [4 marks]
b. Determine the rate of condensation of the steam. [7 marks]
c. Design the size of the heat exchanger. [14 marks]
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